By Dr .Muhammad Mosleh Uddin â€ĸ 06 Aug, 2026

Association of DM with Thyroid dysfunction

🔴 Diabetes mellitus Hypothyroidism āύāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ Hyperthyroidism-āĻ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ common? Diabetes mellitus is more commonly associated with Hyperthyroidism than Hypothyroidism. 🔴 āϕ⧇āύ Hyperthyroidism-āĻ Diabetes āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ common? 🔷 Excess thyroid hormone (T3/T4) āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻšā§Ÿ: 📌 ↑ Hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis 📌 ↑ Intestinal glucose absorption 📌 ↑ Insulin resistance (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ•āϰ⧇ muscle āĻ“ liver-āĻ) 📌 ↑ Insulin degradation and clearance āĻāχ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇: 📌 Latent type 2 diabetes unmask āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ 📌 āφāϗ⧇ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž diabetes āφāϰāĻ“ worsen āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ 📌 Diabetic patient-āĻāϰ insulin requirement āĻŦā§‡ā§œā§‡ āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ 🔴 Hypothyroidism-āĻ āϕ⧀ āĻšā§Ÿ? 🔷 Hypothyroidism āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ: 📌 Hepatic glucose production āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĻā§‡ā§Ÿ 📌 Intestinal glucose absorption slow āĻ•āϰ⧇ 📌 Insulin clearance āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĻā§‡ā§Ÿ (āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž insulin circulation-āĻ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇) āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇: 📌 Diabetic patient-āĻāϰ insulin āĻŦāĻž oral antidiabetic drug requirement āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, 📌 Dose adjust āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇ hypoglycemia-āĻāϰ risk āĻŦā§‡ā§œā§‡ āϝāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ 🔴 Autoimmune association āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ Hyperthyroidism-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ diabetes-āĻāϰ metabolic association āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ, āϤāĻŦ⧇ autoimmune Hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ autoimmune Hypothyroidism (Hashimoto thyroiditis) āωāϭ⧟āχ Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ associated, āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻĻ⧇āϰ common autoimmune basis āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome (APS)-āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ 🔴 SBA Which thyroid disorder is more likely to precipitate or unmask Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? A. Hypothyroidism B. Hyperthyroidism C. Subclinical hypothyroidism D. Thyroiditis Answer: B. Hyperthyroidism 🔴 References Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 15th ed. Davidson's Principles & Practice of Medicine, 25th ed. American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of Care. Dr. Muhammad Mosleh Uddin MBBS (CMC), FCPS trainee (Cardiology) Chittagong medical college & hospital